Spain faced an alarming rise in the number of juvenile jihadist arrests in 2024, with a record 15 minors detained for terrorism-related activities. These arrests accounted for 18.3% of the 82 jihadist arrests nationwide, highlighting a growing challenge for anti-terrorism authorities.
The Spanish Ministry of the Interior reported an increase in both the total number of jihadist arrests—up from 78 in 2023—and the percentage involving minors. Authorities expressed particular concern over the increasingly “radicalised” profile of these juveniles, many of whom were actively planning terrorist attacks.
Carlos Igualada, director of the International Observatory for Terrorism Studies (OITE), described the issue as “one of the four or five biggest security challenges related to violence, extremism, and terrorism in Spain.”
Key arrests in 2024
Montellano, Seville
In January 2024, a 17-year-old Syrian teenager was arrested in Montellano (Seville). Authorities found explosive-making manuals and instructions for producing triacetone triperoxide (TATP), a powerful homemade explosive known as “the mother of Satan.” TATP has been widely used in Islamic State attacks across Europe.
Elche, Alicante
On December 19, police detained four minors aged 14–17 in Elche. The group had planned an attack on the Basilica of Santa María during the Christmas holidays. This operation was launched after investigators from the General Intelligence Commission (CGI) detected their intentions.
The process of radicalisation
One concerning trend is the role of juveniles not only as victims of radicalisation but also as agents of further indoctrination. Igualada noted that radicalised minors are now initiating the radicalisation of peers, often involving other young people or children.
Unlike earlier patterns, today’s radicalised youth are increasingly violent and proactive. “We are no longer just dealing with individuals undergoing radicalisation,” Igualada said. “These juveniles are planning or attempting terrorist actions.”
The role of social networks
Digital platforms and social media play a crucial role in the radicalisation of young people. Online spaces like Discord and video game platforms have become “natural habitats” for spreading extremist ideologies, enabling recruiters to target vulnerable youth effectively.
These platforms often use hidden layers or applications to reach juveniles, creating a community where radicalisation thrives. Authorities are working to monitor and dismantle these networks, but their accessibility poses ongoing challenges.
Addressing the challenge
The rise in juvenile jihadist activity underscores the urgent need for counter-radicalisation strategies. Increased monitoring of social networks, targeted interventions, and support for at-risk youth are key to reversing this trend.
Spain’s record number of juvenile arrests reflects a broader global challenge, requiring a coordinated response to prevent further escalation and protect future generations.
Also read: Popular YouTuber arrested in Cantabria for illegal explosives production