Else Beekman
Residents of the Sierra de las Nieves and the neighbouring Valle del Guadalhorce have been opposing the approval of four large solar farms and the additional land expropriations since December. Due to their designation as being of public interest, these projects received the green light in the biosphere reserve. Nevertheless, opponents argue that they are in fact driven by a private investment fund.
Now, a study from the University of Málaga warns of the irreversible damage that the construction of seven large-scale photovoltaic plants would cause to the Sierra de las Nieves National Park. Experts highlight severe environmental, economic, and landscape consequences and urge authorities to reconsider these projects.
The study, conducted by professors from the University of Málaga, outlines critical environmental concerns. These solar plants would significantly impact the region’s hydrology, leading to water shortages, soil erosion, and a loss of permeable land. Additionally, the research warns of a “heat island” effect, where local temperatures could rise by up to two degrees Celsius, further exacerbating climate change effects in the area.
Moreover, the impermeabilisation of soil due to solar panel installations would alter natural water cycles, increasing the risk of wildfires and reducing vegetation cover. Contamination of subsurface water sources is also a major concern, as infiltrated water could mix with materials from the panels, affecting local water quality.
Economic impact: few jobs, large industrial footprint
Despite claims from investors about economic benefits, the study finds that these projects would generate minimal employment. Once operational, only eleven stable jobs would be created across all seven plants. Furthermore, the installations would occupy an area equivalent to over a thousand football fields. Consequently, the plants will transform a protected natural landscape into an industrial zone.
Experts argue that these developments do not align with sustainable rural development goals. Rather than revitalising the local economy, they risk undermining existing agricultural and tourism-based industries, which are deeply connected to the region’s natural beauty and biodiversity. The installation of the plants involves the expropriation of nearly 600 private agricultural estates in the province’s main grain-producing area.
Landscape and heritage under threat
The visual impact of these large-scale solar farms would be immense. Two of the seven proposed plants are located within the boundaries of the Sierra de las Nieves Biosphere Reserve, while the others are situated in close proximity. This encroachment on protected areas poses a serious threat to the park’s scenic and ecological value.
The transformation of this unique landscape into a vast industrial site contradicts current conservation efforts. Additionally, it could deter eco-tourism, which is an important source of income for local communities so close to the bustling Costa del Sol. The study highlights the need for alternative energy solutions that do not compromise such a valuable natural asset.
First four solar plants
The first four solar parks and their 30 km of high-voltage power lines from the Austrian investment fund Verbund would generate just over 200 MW, affecting towns such as Cártama, Pizarra, Álora, Coín, Casarabonela, Alozaina, Campillos, Valle de Abdalajís, and Antequera. The planned solar farms range in size from 39 MW to 138 MW, with extensive infrastructure impacting multiple municipalities. Residents vow to continue their fight against what they see as a major blow to Málaga’s natural and rural heritage
Rethinking renewable energy development
While the transition to renewable energy is essential in combating climate change, the experts behind this study emphasise the need for a more strategic and balanced approach. They advocate for decentralised, socially inclusive energy solutions that integrate with local economies rather than disrupt them.
National Park Sierra de las Nieves
The Sierra de las Nieves National Park, located in the mountain range of the same name in Andalucia, became officially a national park on 1 July 2021. It stretches out from behind Marbella and east of the road to Ronda. The landscape is impressive with rugged peaks reaching nearly 2,000 metres, including its highest peak La Torrecilla. Furthermore, Andalucia’s deepest vertical cave system can be found here.
Recognised as a Biosphere Reserve since 1995, the park is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna. Of special interest is the rare Spanish fir (Abies pinsapo), which is unique to this region. Covering nearly 23,000 hectares, it offers a haven for nature lovers, with opportunities for hiking, canyoning, horse riding, and agrotourism. The surrounding area is also dotted with 14 picturesque white villages, each offering its own charm and local traditions. Monda, Alozaina, El Burgo, and Tolox are some charming examples.
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