Lorraine Williamson
Over the past few months, at least twenty large devil rays have washed ashore on beaches across Spain, sparking concern among marine scientists and conservation groups.
The strandings, which have occurred in Catalonia, Valencia, Andalucia, and the Balearic Islands, mark a noticeable increase in coastal sightings of devil rays.
What are devil rays?
Devil rays, known scientifically as Mobula mobular, are large filter-feeding rays closely related to manta rays. They can grow up to four metres in length and three metres in width, with distinctive triangular pectoral fins and a prominent cephalic lobe on each side of the head. Unlike stingrays, they have a small, non-venomous stinger and pose no threat to humans. These rays typically inhabit deep, open waters in the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic, travelling long distances in search of plankton. They are listed as endangered due to threats from fishing, pollution, and climate-related changes to ocean habitats.
Marine experts launch investigation
The unexpected pattern has prompted the formation of a collaborative research group, comprising organisations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and local marine rescue centres. Claudio Barría, director of Catsharks and IUCN specialist, notes the sharp rise compared to last year. “In 2023, we helped a female devil ray and her newborn return to sea in Calafell. This year, we’re seeing multiple strandings without a clear explanation,” he said.
Rescue efforts met with mixed outcomes
The CRAM (Centro de Recuperación de Animales Marinos) team, led by Lucía Garrido, has responded to several reports of beached devil rays. While the rays are not dangerous to humans, their size and distress levels can make intervention a complex process. “They don’t have venom like some other rays. But due to their weight and sensitivity to stress, rescues are physically demanding,” Garrido explained.
In some cases, rescue attempts have been unsuccessful. A young 50-kilogram calf found near Badalona earlier this week did not survive despite efforts to save it.
No confirmed cause, but theories emerge
Although researchers have yet to identify a consistent cause, several working theories have been proposed. Barría suggests one possibility is that females are moving closer to shore to give birth, increasing the likelihood of becoming stranded. “The specimens we examined were female. Stress during birth may contribute to strandings,” he said.
The species’ physiology also complicates survival. Devil rays rely on filtering oxygen through water as it passes their gills. Once out of the water, their survival window is very short.
Public urged to avoid contact with stranded animals
CRAM has issued clear guidance for beachgoers: do not touch or attempt to return devil rays to the sea without expert assistance. If a devil ray is spotted, the best course of action is to call 112 immediately.
“Even with good intentions, trying to help can cause more harm,” said CRAM spokesperson Montse Pal. “People should keep their distance and avoid stressing the animal further.”
As marine biologists continue to monitor the situation, there is growing hope that research will offer clarity—and eventually, solutions—to prevent further strandings of this vulnerable and protected species.
Giant basking shark spotted off Marbella coast