Oncologists in Spain report a notable increase in colorectal cancer among adults under 50, sparking widespread concern. This alarming trend was a key focus at the 32nd International Symposium on Digestive Tumours in Pamplona, where experts gathered to discuss its implications.
Colorectal cancer in young adults is on the rise across Europe. Cases of rectal cancer are climbing by 1.8% annually between 1990 and 2016. By 2030, predictions suggest one in ten colorectal cancer diagnoses will involve those under 50, and one in four rectal cancer cases will affect this demographic.
Why are cases rising?
While the exact causes remain unclear, experts suggest lifestyle changes, diet, and genetic factors may play a role. Younger patients often present unique clinical and molecular characteristics, which require tailored diagnostic and treatment approaches.
Discussions at the symposium also highlighted the expected surge in colorectal cancer rates. Among people aged 20 to 34, colon cancer cases are projected to increase by 90%, while rectal cancer cases could rise by 124% over the next decade. For those aged 35 to 49, the anticipated increases are 27% and 46%, respectively.
Delayed diagnosis complicates treatment
Late detection remains a significant challenge for younger patients. A lack of awareness, combined with the misconception that colorectal cancer primarily affects older adults, often leads to delayed diagnoses. This can limit treatment options and worsen outcomes.
Treatment strategies must also address the broader impact of cancer on young patients, including effects on emotional health, fertility, and sexuality.
Research in northern Spain
In response to these rising numbers, a research project has been launched in northern Spain. Hospitals in Navarra, Zaragoza, Logroño, and Donostia are collaborating to study the specific characteristics of colorectal cancer in patients under 50.
The study, which will include around 240 participants, focuses on rectal, pancreatic, gastric, and esophageal cancers in younger individuals. Researchers aim to identify biomarkers for early diagnosis, raise awareness of risk factors, and encourage preventive measures.
The road ahead
Colorectal cancer is expected to rise significantly among younger generations worldwide. This calls for increased awareness, better screening programs, and personalised treatment plans.
Symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, blood in the stool, or unexplained weight loss should never be ignored, regardless of age. Early medical intervention can save lives.
With initiatives like the research project in northern Spain, oncologists are working to better understand and combat this troubling trend. The hope is that heightened awareness and advances in research will reverse the trajectory and reduce the burden of colorectal cancer in the years to come.
Also read: More female cancer patients in Spain