Lorraine Williamson
Spain’s plan to increase its defence spending budget to 2% of GDP has reignited political rifts and sparked public protests, highlighting widespread disagreement over the country’s military priorities.
Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez presented the new National Defence Plan to Congress this week, positioning the budget boost as a necessary response to growing geopolitical instability. Framing it as a “new COVID moment” for Europe, Sánchez argued the policy would not compromise the welfare state.
Defence industry at the centre of new strategy
The proposed increase aligns Spain with NATO guidelines on defence expenditure. Much of the investment is set to benefit the domestic defence sector, with technology firm Indra expected to play a leading role in military modernisation. The company is prominently featured in the government’s strategy, which also aims to create jobs and strengthen European security ties.
However, the announcement has been met with sharp criticism across the political spectrum. Sánchez’s own coalition partners have expressed reservations, while the main opposition Partido Popular remains unconvinced. Despite discussions in parliament, efforts to secure a broad defence pact collapsed.
Protests outside Congress call for social investment
Outside parliament, demonstrators gathered to denounce the rearmament plans. Under the banner El rearme de Europa no traerá la paz (“The rearmament of Europe will not bring peace”), a coalition of activists, artists, and academics urged the government to redirect funding towards healthcare, education, and social services.
They argue that increasing military budgets risks fuelling conflict rather than ensuring peace. Several prominent public figures joined the rally, questioning both the necessity and the transparency of the defence policy shift.
Parliament split as parties clash over NATO and neutrality
Inside Congress, debate grew heated. Sánchez faced off against Partido Popular leader Alberto Núñez Feijóo, but no consensus emerged. Coalition partners on the left pushed for European strategic autonomy and a greater focus on diplomacy. Meanwhile, far-right party VOX rejected any EU-led defence initiatives outright. Its leader, Santiago Abascal, compared European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to Star Wars character Chancellor Palpatine—a remark that underscored the polarised tone of the debate.
Uncertain path ahead for Spain’s defence agenda
The government’s ability to push through its defence spending plan remains unclear. While Sánchez insists the move is essential for national and regional stability, opposition continues to grow. Within parliament and on the streets, voices are demanding deeper public consultation and questioning the shift away from social priorities.
As political pressure mounts and calls for early elections grow louder, the future of Spain’s defence strategy is far from secure.
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