Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez plans to expand a legal labour migration programme to address the rising number of migrants arriving on the Canary Islands, offering a solution to the ongoing migration crisis.
This initiative, initially piloted in Senegal, is set to provide African migrants with a legal pathway to seasonal work in Spain, particularly in the agricultural sector.
During a diplomatic visit to Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania this week, Sánchez highlighted his vision for migration that is both legal and beneficial for all parties involved. The plan aims to combat the surge in illegal migration. A surge particularly to the Canary Islands, where over 22,000 migrants have arrived by boat this year, double the number from the same period last year. The influx has overwhelmed local facilities and sparked tensions within the community.
Tackling illegal migration and exploitation
Sánchez described the programme as a “vaccine” against both human trafficking networks and the rise of xenophobia. The initiative seeks to offer a structured alternative to the perilous journeys many migrants currently undertake. While the programme’s exact scale is still being determined, the Spanish Central Bank estimates that Spain needs around 250,000 additional workers annually to address its ageing population.
However, the proposal has sparked some controversy. Rumours circulating in Mauritania suggest that the programme might lead to widespread regularisation of migrants, prompting concerns from the centre-right opposition party, Partido Popular (PP). MP Miguel Tellado accused Sánchez of encouraging migration by promising what he calls “mass regularisations.”
Empowering minor asylum seekers through work
Sánchez’s initiative aligns with Spain’s broader efforts to integrate migrants legally and effectively. Since the end of 2021, Spain has allowed unaccompanied minor asylum seekers, known as menas, to work legally from the age of 16. This policy change was introduced to provide these young migrants with a sense of purpose and to reduce the social tensions that often arise around asylum centres.
Organisations like Ex-Menas have seen the positive impact of this policy. “We’ve observed a significant change since the law was passed,” says Iman El Annaoui of Ex-Menas. “Previously, these minors were left in limbo, unprepared for life once they turned 18. Now, most of them are working, which gives them motivation and a sense of hope for the future.”
While challenges remain—such as the need for better psychological support and more opportunities beyond basic jobs—this step is seen as a crucial move towards better integration. El Annaoui emphasises that work opportunities help these young migrants integrate. Meanwhile, the broader community and government also have roles to play in fostering a welcoming environment.
Strengthening cooperation with African nations
In addition to expanding the guest worker programme, Sánchez announced new economic partnerships with Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania. These are aimed at improving local conditions and reducing the need for migration. Spanish authorities are also increasing their efforts to intercept migrant boats before they depart African shores. Now, dozens of Spanish officers are stationed in these countries.
The Spanish government has also expressed a willingness to discuss the repatriation of migrants who enter the country illegally, a complex issue that will need to be addressed as part of the broader cooperation agreements with African nations. Sánchez is optimistic that this comprehensive approach will help mitigate the migration crisis while benefiting both Spain and the African countries involved.