Spanish scientists have located new ice deposits, measuring over 30 metres in thickness, in the caves of Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park. These findings, revealed during a summer research campaign, come as the park celebrates the tenth anniversary of these critical studies.
The scientists from the Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE/CSIC) found the ice formations at an altitude exceeding 3,000 metres. They keep the location secret to protect this precious natural resource. However, the research also brought troubling news: the rate of ice melt has quadrupled, a clear indicator of the accelerating impact of climate change in the region.
Dramatically decreased melt rates
Since 2014, scientists have monitored the steady decline of ice within several caves in the park. The melt rates have increased dramatically, from 25 centimetres per year (between 2017 and 2022) to over one metre per year between 2022 and 2024.
These findings are part of the Orquestra project, led by Ana Moreno and Miguel Bartolomé. The project’s recent efforts included a week-long expedition in late July, where a team of researchers conducted crucial measurements at altitudes above 2,700 metres. The collaboration with the French Société de Spéléologie et de Préhistoire des Pyrénées Occidentales (SSPPO) was instrumental, particularly in accessing difficult-to-reach areas and installing sensors.
Ice deposits record climate signals
The research focused on maintaining and downloading data from sensors, monitoring temperature changes inside the caves, measuring the variation in ice volume, and collecting isotopic drip samples. These efforts are vital in understanding how climate signals are recorded in these ancient ice deposits.
Despite the challenging conditions, the fieldwork has confirmed the rapid and accelerated retreat of ice deposits, some of which are thousands of years old. This research is crucial for comprehending the speed and intensity of climate change in the Pyrenean mountain range and comparing it with global patterns.
National Park Ordesa and Monte Perdido
Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park, located in the Spanish Pyrenees, is a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its breathtaking landscapes and biodiversity. The park is home to Monte Perdido, the third-highest peak in the Pyrenees, and features dramatic canyons, deep valleys, and ancient glacial formations. Its unique ecosystems support a wide variety of flora and fauna, including rare species like the Pyrenean ibex and the bearded vulture. The park’s pristine beauty and ecological significance make it one of Spain’s most treasured natural reserv