Spain is upgrading its air defense systems to address the growing threat of hypersonic missiles, as confirmed by General Francisco Braco, head of the Spanish Air and Space Force. The Ministry of Defence has allocated €120 million to modernise the radar infrastructure safeguarding Spanish airspace.
Hypersonic missile threat
Russia’s recent launch of a hypersonic missile in late November raised concerns across Europe. Although President Vladimir Putin stated the missile—the experimental Oreshnik 9M729—was not intercontinental, fears of potential aggression towards Europe persist. These tensions are exacerbated by the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which has drawn widespread condemnation from European nations, including Spain.
Spain’s support for Ukraine
Spain has been a vocal supporter of Ukraine throughout the conflict, providing humanitarian aid, military equipment, and political backing. The Spanish government has joined other European nations in imposing sanctions on Russia and has contributed to NATO’s collective efforts to strengthen regional security. This commitment underpins Spain’s decision to enhance its own defence systems as a precaution against escalating threats in Eastern Europe.
Preparing for emerging challenges
In light of these developments, Spain’s Air and Space Force is adapting its air surveillance capabilities to counteract the advanced threat posed by hypersonic and intercontinental missiles. This move also addresses uncertainties surrounding NATO’s future, particularly following former U.S. President Donald Trump’s earlier promises to withdraw from the alliance.
What are hypersonic missiles?
Hypersonic missiles travel at speeds exceeding Mach 6 to Mach 10, making them six to ten times faster than the speed of sound. These velocities allow minimal time for detection and interception, significantly complicating defence efforts.
Upgraded radar systems
To modernise its air traffic control systems, Spain’s Ministry of Defence procured five Lanza 3D radars from Spanish technology company Indra in 2021. The first of these advanced systems became operational in Toledo in September. These radars will replace the older RAT-31 SL/T models and integrate with NATO’s broader air and missile defence network.
Addressing drone threats
General Braco highlighted a parallel focus on detecting smaller threats, such as drones. A mobile radar system is currently in development to counteract the challenges posed by these emerging technologies.
Spain’s investment in enhanced radar systems and its focus on hypersonic and drone defences reflect its commitment to maintaining robust national security and contributing to NATO’s collective defence initiatives.