Asturian cider culture has been officially recognised as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. The announcement came during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage, held in Luque, Paraguay, and concluded on December 7.
The recognition highlights the comprehensive tradition surrounding the production, pouring, and communal enjoyment of Asturias’ iconic cider, or sidra. Central to this culture is the escanciado, a unique pouring method where the cider is poured from a height to aerate it, creating the characteristic bubbles. The ritual is performed with precision, reflecting both skill and tradition. Additionally, the llagares (cider presses) and espichas (small taps used to serve cider) form integral parts of this heritage. Above all, the culture celebrates shared moments, community, and friendship.
The cider production process
Asturian cider begins with the harvest of apples, typically in autumn. Local varieties, known for their unique flavour and balance of sweetness and acidity, are carefully selected. The apples are then washed and crushed to extract the juice, which is transferred to large wooden or stainless steel barrels in the llagares (cider presses).
Fermentation follows a natural process that converts the apple sugars into alcohol. This can take several months, during which the cider develops its distinct taste. Once fermentation is complete, the cider is filtered and bottled in traditional green glass bottles, ready for consumption. Throughout the process, traditional methods and modern techniques are combined to preserve the authentic character of Asturian cider.
Cultural significance of Asturian cider
In its decision, UNESCO highlighted the cultural and social importance of cider in Asturias. The jury noted its role in festive rituals and its deep integration into Asturian vocabulary, which reflects the extensive nuances of cider production and consumption. The unique pouring technique also stands out as a distinctive cultural element.
This recognition follows the National Hospitality Award 2024, which also honoured Asturias’ cider culture for promoting Spanish culture and gastronomy.
Asturias illuminated in green support
Ahead of UNESCO’s decision, the Government of Asturias illuminated key buildings and landmarks in green. This symbolic gesture celebrated the traditional green glass bottles used for cider, linking the colour to the lush Asturian landscape and the apples that define the region’s identity.
The acknowledgment by UNESCO underscores the vital role of cider in Asturias, not only as a drink but as a symbol of its cultural and social fabric.