Lorraine Williamson
New research into last year’s devastating autumn storms in eastern Spain suggests that climate change played a measurable role in intensifying the rainfall that hit parts of the Valencian Community.
Scientists analysing the DANA weather system that brought torrential rain to the region in 2024 say warming conditions likely increased the intensity of the downpours. The findings add to a growing body of research examining how extreme weather events across the Mediterranean are being affected by rising temperatures.
The findings come from research by the University of Valencia’s Desertification Research Centre, which analysed how climate change influenced the intensity of the 2024 storm.
A closer look at the 2024 storm
The DANA system brought severe flooding and widespread disruption to parts of Valencia and neighbouring regions last year. Roads were cut off, properties damaged, and emergency services stretched as intense rainfall fell in a short period.
Researchers examined rainfall data, atmospheric conditions and historical climate patterns to assess how much of the event’s severity could be linked to long-term warming trends. Their analysis suggests that higher sea and air temperatures contributed to greater moisture in the atmosphere, increasing the intensity of the downpours.
While such storms are not new to Spain, scientists say the conditions in which they now form are changing. Warmer air can hold more moisture, which in turn can lead to heavier rainfall when storm systems develop.
Mediterranean region under scrutiny
The Mediterranean basin is considered one of the regions most vulnerable to climate-related changes in weather patterns. Spain has experienced periods of prolonged drought punctuated by episodes of intense rainfall, a pattern that researchers say is becoming more pronounced.
Studies like this aim to quantify how climate change affects individual events rather than making general predictions. By comparing current conditions with historical climate data, scientists can estimate how much more intense a storm may have become because of warming.
Experts caution that attributing a single weather event solely to climate change is complex. However, they say rising temperatures are increasing the likelihood of extreme rainfall episodes in parts of southern Europe.
Implications for planning and infrastructure
Findings from the study may have implications for infrastructure planning, flood prevention and emergency response. Authorities across Spain have already been reviewing drainage systems, river management and urban planning in areas prone to flash flooding.
Local and regional governments are also examining how to adapt to more frequent extreme weather events, particularly in coastal and low-lying areas. Improved early-warning systems and maintenance of drainage networks are among the measures being discussed.
As Spain continues to experience periods of heavy rainfall followed by drought, understanding how climate patterns are changing is likely to remain a key focus for scientists and policymakers alike.
The research into the Valencia storms adds another layer to the debate about resilience and preparation. While individual weather systems vary, the broader trend points towards a need for stronger infrastructure and planning as conditions evolve.