Lorraine Williamson
In an increasingly divided world, Spain is quietly stepping up its diplomatic game. This week, King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia arrived in China for a state visit that Madrid hopes will spark a fresh wave of political dialogue and open new trade opportunities. Behind the formalities and photo calls lies a clear intention: to redefine Spain’s relationship with the world’s second-largest economy on its own terms.
Both ambition and caution drive Spain’s renewed approach to China. On one hand, Madrid recognises Beijing as a vital trading partner and a key player in the global economy. On the other, it must navigate its commitments within the European Union, which continues to tighten its stance on security, technology, and human rights.
Spanish officials have made it clear that collaboration must align with EU standards. This means avoiding overreliance on Chinese technology giants, such as Huawei, in critical areas like 5G networks. Instead, the focus will be on projects that promote transparency, sustainability, and reciprocity in trade.
Chengdu: Where business meets culture
The royal couple began their visit in Chengdu, the bustling capital of Sichuan province. Here, they inaugurated the Spain–China Economic Forum — a key event bringing together business leaders from both nations. Technology firm Indra represented Spain’s push for greater cooperation in digital security, air traffic systems, and sustainable infrastructure.
Yet beyond the boardrooms, there was a softer cultural touch. A tribute to poet Antonio Machado highlighted the enduring ties between the two nations, where art, literature, and education continue to bridge political divides.
Beijing: Negotiating access and trust
In Beijing, attention turns to trade and diplomacy. Several new cooperation agreements are expected to be signed, focusing on agriculture, science, education, and cultural exchange. Spain is particularly keen to expand its exports of olive oil, pork, and fishmeal — sectors where Chinese demand has surged.
Spanish almonds in China
However, Madrid wants more than just economic growth; it seeks balance. The trade deficit between the two countries remains steeply in Beijing’s favour. Spanish negotiators will push for fairer access for their companies, especially in sectors where innovation and sustainability align with EU green goals.
Royal symbolism in global strategy
Every gesture on this trip carries diplomatic weight. King Felipe and Queen Letizia’s understated style at Madrid-Barajas Airport — black coats, calm expressions, and a sense of quiet determination — reflected the tone of the mission. This was not a ceremonial visit; it was a calculated diplomatic statement.
Analysts suggest the royal presence underscores Spain’s intent to assert itself as a confident European voice amid the US–China rivalry. The visit signals that Spain is ready to engage directly, maintaining dialogue where others are retreating behind political barriers.
Building dialogue for the future
Whether this visit delivers concrete agreements or merely opens doors, it positions Spain as a pragmatic bridge-builder in uncertain times. By reinforcing communication channels with Beijing while staying aligned with EU principles, Madrid is carving a careful yet ambitious path on the world stage.
In the end, this trip may be remembered less for the handshakes and more for the message it carries: that Spain intends to speak — and be heard — in the global conversation shaping the century ahead.